11 Easy Steps for How to Draw a Dog

Easy Steps for How to Draw a Dog SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Dogs are cute! Who hasn’t taken a moment to doodle their favorite pooch on the side of their paper before? But like many animals, dogs can be hard to draw well, especially from memory. If you are trying to up your drawing skill, this guide for how to draw a dog is for you! We’ll cover all the basics of learning to draw animals and dogs in particular, and walk you through drawing a dog step by step. 4 General Tips for Drawing Dogs and Animals Drawing animals can be really challenging! Living creatures are often harder to draw than static objects, as you want your animal drawings to be full of life. Here’s a few tips to get you started! Use References It might feel like cheating to use a reference, but it’s a-OK. Professional artists use references all the time to help their artwork feel more realistic. A reference photo will help you see what a dog looks like without trying to make a real dog sit still the entire time you’re working. There are so many kinds of dogs that it’s practically impossible to remember how to draw all of them. Even if they have similar skeletal structures (which isn’t always the case), their fur texture, eye shape, and size can vary pretty widely. You can take your own reference photos or use ones you find in books or online to help you get the details right. Study Anatomy You don’t have to go to veterinary school, but spending some time looking at animal anatomy will help you better understand how an animal sits, stands, and moves. Pay particular attention to the location of the spine, as this will help you figure out how the animal is shaped. When you know that, you’ll have an easier time positioning the head, legs, and tails appropriately. You can also get a better handle on their muscle structure, which is particularly helpful when drawing animals with short fur and pronounced muscles. Though you don’t need to replicate every detail in your drawing, understanding how an animal’s body works can make your drawings feel more lifelike, even in a cartoony style. Start With Simple Shapes Even complicated drawings are based on simple shapes. A light underdrawing that consists primarily of primary shapes is a great foundation for more detailed drawings; you can build on the basic shapes to help your drawing feel lifelike. Look at an animal’s anatomy and imagine it as several connected shapes. You might see a large oval for the ribcage and a rounded rectangle for the head, or an almost kidney bean-like shape for an animal’s leg. These are just guidelines- they’ll need refinement to really work in a drawing, but using these shapes to guide your work will help you stay on track as you’re drawing. Draw Lightly It takes time and effort to draw well. Start off with light pencil for sketching, and don’t be afraid to erase and try again. As you progress through the drawing process, you can erase your guidelines and draw in heavier pencil. This helps keep you on target and gets rid of the unnecessary lines. When you’re ready, you can go back over your drawing in ink or marker, and erase the pencil marks entirely. That ensures that only the lines you want are visible! This also works for digital illustration. Using layers in illustration programs, you can have underdrawings and layers of increasing detail, which can be turned off when you no longer need them. With practice, you'll soon be doing way better than this. How to Draw a Dog: The Simple Method Even when you’re drawing a simple dog, it’s smart to have an understanding of basic dog anatomy. It might sound silly or unnecessary, but even cartoony drawings need to be based in reality to look right. As mentioned above, take some time to look at dog anatomy and learn the basic shapes that make a dog up to help you make even a simple dog look great! Because there are so many kinds of dogs, we can’t provide a tutorial for how to draw all of them. Instead, here’s a simple guide for drawing a sitting dog that can be adjusted depending on what kind of dog you’re drawing. A modest beginning. Sketch the Muzzle All you need is an oval to start with. Don’t get caught up in making it look perfect- you can make adjustments to it later. Also, don’t worry about details. Just get a circle down and we’ll add to it later, once we have the body done. It doesn't look like much yet... Draw the Head Sketch the shape of the head around the oval you’ve drawn for the muzzle. Again, it doesn’t have to be perfect, because you can change it at any time. You can change the shape depending on how you want your dog to look. Some dogs have very round heads while others are more angular, but having the head oval in place gives you a structure to work around. Looking a bit more like a dog now. Add a Nose Dog noses are unusually shaped. They actually look a bit like mushroom slices, with an exaggerated flare at the bottom. You can start by drawing a sort of rounded triangle, then adding the nostrils to flesh it out. A simple nose or a detailed one can be equally effective depending on how detailed your drawing is. Making progress... Add Ears A dog’s ears can be a great source of expression! Depending on what kind of dog you’re drawing, the ears may be floppy, upright, or even cropped. Start with the basic shape and tweak it from there. Eyes make a big difference. Add Eyes Let’s keep it simple here- eyes are tricky to draw well! Two little ovals will do the job for now, so if we’re doing a simple cartoony drawing, we don’t have to get very detailed. You can add eyebrows to give your dog more of an expression. Dogs don’t have eyebrows exactly like we do, but some have eyebrow-like markings just above their eyes. Feel free to use your imagination! Okay, it's definitely a dog now. Add a Mouth Dogs have two rounded shapes beneath their noses that often turn upwards, making it look as though they’re smiling. You can draw these shapes as rounded ovals to make the dog look happier, or make them more angular and pointed downward to make your dog look more serious. In combination with the ears, the dog’s mouth is the best way to convey emotion. The egg-shaped body feels like a bit of a step backward. Add a Body The body looks a bit like an egg, with the top hidden behind the dog’s head. Again, draw it lightly and go over it later to add more detail. These legs leave something to be desired. Add Front Legs Draw two straight lines and add a little oval at the end for the paw. You can embellish these with spots or fur, but the basic shape is just two sets of two lines with a little oval at the end. I wanted a husky-like tail, even if it looks a bit like a banana right now. Add a Tail What kind of tail a dog has depends on its breed. You can draw a skinny tail, a fluffy one, or no tail at all depending on what kind of dog you’re drawing. These legs are a little on the abstract side. Add Back Legs Back legs are a little more difficult to visualize, but think back to the anatomy of a dog. The dog’s thigh is kind of like a tilted oval, and the foot and lower leg are like an elongated, squashed oval. All these are just sketch lines, so if they look a little funky now, that’s okay- you can fix them up with detail later on. Details and ink definitely help the doggy appearance. Add Details and Finish Up Now that you have the basic structure of your dog, you can touch things up with detail, erase all your sketch lines, and outline in ink. Some things to add to make your dog look more lifelike and cute are color, fur textures, and whiskers. Take a look at real dogs and see the features that make them unique, then make adjustments to yours to make it look special, too! How to Draw a Dog: The Detailed Method Drawing a detailed dog is a lot like drawing a simple dog, though it will likely take you more time and effort. Again, understand the simple shapes that make up a dog. Look at skeletal structure and muscle groups to help you understand what they look like under all that fur, as those are the features you’ll start with before you add more detail. First and foremost: start simple. It’s easier to draw a familiar yellow lab than it is to draw something more complex, like a Puli. That goes for shapes, too. Underdrawing is even more important when drawing detailed dogs than it is for simple dogs, even if you feel like you’re erasing most of the work. And erasing is a big part of drawing detailed dogs. You probably won’t get it perfect the first time, but that’s okay! The dog up above was my first attempt, and if I continued to practice I would get better. Erase and try again and again. You might not notice your skill improving, but every drawing you do brings you closer to the artist you want to be. This beautiful dog is going to be our reference photo. Start With a Reference You can use your own photo or one you find online, but add your own embellishments and tweaks to really make it your own. You don’t need to trace, though you can if you’re just starting out and want to get a better grasp on what dogs look like. It’s not wrong to learn by tracing, but it’s a good idea to use those drawings as practice unless you took the photo yourself. Many artists take their own reference photos. If you can’t, you can use one you find online, but aim to make your drawing substantially different from the reference if you plan to use the picture for something other than practice. Starting with a reference photo lets you work off of an existing image, which can help your drawing be more accurate. Use what you know of skeletal structure so you can better draw the shapes that make up a dog. Not very impressive. Outline Shapes Naturally, dogs are made up of many complex parts. But when you’re starting your drawing, just focus on the basics- the shapes that make up the basic form of a dog. If you were to just imagine a dog’s silhouette, you might see a rounded rectangle for the head, a large oval of the chest, and another oval for the hindquarters. Start with a line to keep the body parts aligned. The line can be straight or slightly curved, depending on what position you’ll draw the dog in. Then draw the basic shapes at their appropriate places, centering them on the line. After some redrawing, we have the basic form of the dog in our photo. Outline Shapes for Larger Features Now that you have the basic dog shape down, you can add just a little more detail. Focus on drawing the larger features of a dog- the snout, feet, and legs. Again, draw shapes rather than detailed features, as you’ll add all the little stuff later. Fill in the places where those features meet the body, and connect the larger sections of the body together. You’ll flesh all of this out later on; for now, you just want it to look like the basic silhouette of a dog, not something instantly recognizable as whatever breed of dog you’re trying to draw. This dog is more muscular than furry, so I focused on the muscles. Add Body Contour Now’s the time to start getting into detail, mostly in the body. Add some rough structure to the body, such as muscle definition for short-haired dogs or fur outlines for long-haired dogs. Look at where the breed is thicker or thinner, and emphasize those areas of the body. Look at where fur gathers on images of the type of dog you’re drawing, and also where muscles are more visible. Those are the areas to emphasize here, but, as always, don’t get too invested in details yet. Also take a moment to draw the legs and feet in more detail. Add toes and fur, if necessary, so you have a clearer picture of what the final dog will look like. Hey, that's a dog! Erase Unnecessary Lines Get rid of the guidelines you used, as from now on you’ll mostly be fleshing out details and shading. You’ve spent enough time on the basic shape, adding some fur and details, that you no longer need your initial shapes and guidelines. Now’s the time to add basic outlines for the dog’s ears, eyes, nose, and snout details. Get their placement and shape right, and be sure they look similar to those in your reference photo. This will probably take some time. Don’t get frustrated if you have to draw and redraw these features several times- these are details that are important to get right, but that can be quite tricky to execute well. You might have to do a lot of practice, but it’ll be worth it in the end! Add Fur Texture Now you can add fur and fluff to the details you added in the last step. Add a little fur to the ears or little tufts on the legs. If you’re not drawing a particularly shaggy dog, add more muscle definition. Use shading to emphasize where the dog’s muscles would show, and sketch out areas where the dog is more muscular to make it look more realistic. Just as you’ve done throughout the drawing, start with general details before you get into the smaller ones. Go for general fur shape, then add fuzzier patches. Get the general body shape and muscle structure done, then add muscles that are in use given your reference photo’s pose. It's not perfect, but that just means it's time to practice! Finishing Touches You’re almost done! Take some time to add additional details to things like the dog’s nose and eyes, and add teeth or a tongue depending on whether the dog’s mouth is open. You can also add spots or other color patterns if your dog has them. Just shading will accomplish this, or you can use full color to give your picture even more pop. However, it is possible to get too detailed. Some artists draw intensely detailed images while others are a little more sparing. Both are great art styles, so don’t feel like adding tons of detail is the only way to make your art look realistic and interesting! Additional Tips for Drawing Dogs Once you've got the basics down, drawing a dog is a matter of practice. Keep trying to improve, even when it feels like your skill isn’t getting better. But if you need some additional help in drawing certain parts or certain kinds of dogs, consider these tips! How To Draw a Dog’s Face Drawing a dog’s face can be particularly tricky- we want our drawing’s faces to be as expressive and cute as real dogs. Understanding what a dog’s skull is like is a great first step, as you’ll be able to see what parts move, what parts don’t, and where important features like the ears and eyes sit. Outline the basic shape before adding features. You can block them in using lines to be sure that they’re all aligned properly. As with the rest of the dog, start with the broader details and then fill in the specific ones. Start with the shape of the eyes, for example, and refine them until they look right. Then add the iris and pupils as well as surrounding fur. You can always make changes, but it’s easier to start with the larger details and fill in the specific ones than end up having the erase everything because you can’t get the shape to look right after you’ve drawn the details. How to Draw a Puppy Puppies are a lot more than miniature dogs- they have different features, which means there are special considerations to keep in mind when drawing them as opposed to adult dogs. For one, puppies often have proportionally larger paws than adult dogs. Drawing the paws a bit larger is a good way to clue people into the fact that you’re drawing a puppy! Puppies are also generally a little chubbier, with more rounded bodies. Though some might be a little muscular, for the most part puppies will be more rounded- combined with other puppy features like larger paws, a rounded body can make a dog look younger. Some breeds also have gangly legs, especially as they begin to grow into adolescents. A few adult breeds, such as borzois and greyhounds, may look gangly as adults, but many dogs get that same look as they’re growing up. It’s okay to make your puppy drawings look a little awkward- it’s true to life! Another good detail for puppies is that their eyes often look proportionally larger than those of adult dogs. This is a common feature of baby animals, and it’s part of the reason that people love them so much. A large head, round eyes, and smaller nose and mouth remind us a lot of human babies, so use those features to make your puppy drawings look even cuter! What’s Next? Don't be afraid to experiment with different styles when drawing dogs. Check out this guide to how to do contour line art and try out a whole new art direction! Not sure what to draw now that you've mastered dogs? This list of 100 different drawing ideas is sure to help. Drawing is a great hobby, but it can also make you money. Check out this list of art scholarships to help you turn your skills into cash for college! Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Melissa Brinks About the Author Melissa Brinks graduated from the University of Washington in 2014 with a Bachelor's in English with a creative writing emphasis. She has spent several years tutoring K-12 students in many subjects, including in SAT prep, to help them prepare for their college education. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. No spam ever. hbspt.forms.create({ portalId: '360031', formId: '2167ba30-e68e-4777-b88d-8bf3c84579af', formInstanceId: '2', submitButtonClass: 'btn-red-light btn', target: '#hubspot-container2', redirectUrl: 'http://ww2.prepscholar.com/blog-subscribe-thank-you', css: '.post-bottom .hs-form.stacked label {display:none;} .post-bottom .hs-form.stacked .field div.input {padding-top: 55px; padding-left: 300px;} .post-bottom .hs-input {width: 220px} .post-bottom .btn-primary, .hs-button.primary {margin-top:0px; padding-left:350px} .post-bottom .hs-form-field {margin-bottom:5px}' }); $(function(){ $(".exclusive-tip-form #hubspot-container2 label").hide(); }); function replace_tag(a, b){ $(a).each(function(index) { var thisTD = this; var newElement = $(""); $.each(this.attributes, function(index) { $(newElement).attr(thisTD.attributes[index].name, thisTD.attributes[index].value); }); $(this).after(newElement).remove(); }); } $(function(){ replace_tag($(".posts-by-topic h3"), "h2"); }) Ask a Question BelowHave any questions about this article or other topics? Ask below and we'll reply! Search the Blog Search jQuery(function(){ var $ = jQuery; var url = 'http://google.com/search?q=site:' + location.protocol + '//' + location.hostname + ' '; var $searchModule = $('.hs-search-module.332c4658-c365-4200-9924-1bb6860bdb0a'); var $input = $searchModule.find('input'); var $button = $searchModule.find('.hs-button.primary'); if (false) { $input.val(decodeURIComponent(location.pathname.split('/').join(' ').split('.').join(' ').split('-').join(' ').split('_').join(''))); } $button.click(function(){ var newUrl = url + $input.val(); var win = window.open(newUrl, '_blank'); if (win) { //Browser has allowed it to be opened win.focus(); } else { //Browser has blocked it location.href = newUrl; } }); $input.keypress(function(e){ if (e.keyCode !== 13) return; e.preventDefault(); $button.click(); }); }); Improve With Our Famous Guides SATPrep ACTPrep For All Students The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 160+ SAT Points How to Get a Perfect 1600, by a Perfect Scorer Series: How to Get 800 on Each SAT Section: Score 800 on SAT Math Score 800 on SAT Reading Score 800 on SAT Writing Series: How to Get to 600 on Each SAT Section: Score 600 on SAT Math Score 600 on SAT Reading Score 600 on SAT Writing Free Complete Official SAT Practice Tests What SAT Target Score Should You Be Aiming For? 15 Strategies to Improve Your SAT Essay The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 4+ ACT Points How to Get a Perfect 36 ACT, by a Perfect Scorer Series: How to Get 36 on Each ACT Section: 36 on ACT English 36 on ACT Math 36 on ACT Reading 36 on ACT Science Series: How to Get to 24 on Each ACT Section: 24 on ACT English 24 on ACT Math 24 on ACT Reading 24 on ACT Science What ACT target score should you be aiming for? ACT Vocabulary You Must Know ACT Writing: 15 Tips to Raise Your Essay Score How to Get Into Harvard and the Ivy League How to Get a Perfect 4.0 GPA How to Write an Amazing College Essay What Exactly Are Colleges Looking For? Is the ACT easier than the SAT? A Comprehensive Guide Should you retake your SAT or ACT? When should you take the SAT or ACT? Michael improved by 370 POINTS! Find Out How Stay Informed Get the latest articles and test prep tips! Looking for Graduate School Test Prep? Check out our top-rated graduate blogs here: GRE Online Prep Blog GMAT Online Prep Blog TOEFL Online Prep Blog

Essay on The History of African American Women being Victims of RapeEssay Writing Service

Essay on The History of African American Women being Victims of RapeEssay Writing Service Essay on The History of African American Women being Victims of Rape Essay on The History of African American Women being Victims of RapeAfrican Americans are the inhabitants of the United States belonging to the Negroid race and having full or partial African descent. They are descendants of slaves brought to North America in the 17th-19th centuries. At an early stage of human development there appeared an idea of ​​the differences between men and women, forming behavior and distribution of responsibilities. Unity and confrontation of male and female principles were central to the traditional African society. Biological sphere was a source of controversy between the sexes. Physical abilities and the traditional function of women motherhood were considered when demarcation of roles between men and women. The ability to reproduce was vital for all peoples of the continent. Wives and daughters were considered the main wealth of the family. Woman stood over the man in her functions. In this regard, there appears an idea of imaginary unclea nness of women in certain physiological periods (menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth). So, during these periods women are dangerous and can disrupt the harmony between human and nature. The man didn’t have such biological and social disadvantages. Thus man got a major role in the family and tribal collective. Women were imposed different kinds of taboo, for example, prohibitions on certain activities. In an African village womens status depended not only on gender, but also on her social role. Married African women were given the last place within the family, she was considered inferior kind. Researchers G. Bissila and M. Felu note that motherhood isolates woman from a biological standpoint, physiology isolates her aesthetically, religion makes a conviction (Amutah, 2012). African women lived by the rules of social isolation, utter dependence on her husband, lack of voting rights, inability to be head of the family. Family relationships in an African village could be consider ed as a collision of two clans in the property, social and religious aspects. African woman was deprived of individuality, her personal interests and needs were nothing compared to the interests of the community. African woman was passive due to her workload in agricultural work and responsibilities at home. They worked on the land, took care of harvest, brought home water and firewood, prepared food.From 1619 to 1865 the United States had a system of slavery, most slaves were Africans. They were taken by force from places of residence. First African slaves were brought to Virginia in 1619. Entrepreneurs often used black slave labor, thus reducing the wages of white workers. Such competition from Africans led to the fact that many white workers shifted to work in other places. That developed racial hostility. According to the Act of 1661, Africans were recognized lifelong slaves. Later, law about African slaves and their posterity was passed. Such Black Codes converted Africans into eternal property of slaveholders (Lang, 2011).Children of slaves were owned by the owner of their mother. African American women have experienced great suffering in the forced separation of families and the sale of children. Separation from family was extremely traumatic for women. Experiencing the pain of loss, woman changed forever. She became a victim without the right to change something. Codes introduced bans on trade, slaves were not allowed to learn to read and write, to drink alcohol without the owners permission, it was forbidden to hire horses, to keep dogs, guns, and they had no right to testify against white people. For the slightest offense slaves were succumbed to severe punishment. Slaves were in the same row with the cattle, implements and furniture. By the end of the colonial period there appear free blacks in the New World, but they were also limited in their rights: they had no right to participate in elections, to serve as witnesses in court proceedings conflict s between whites.For men, slavery was real flour, for women it was even worse. She was oppressed three times: as a slave, as a black and as a woman. They had a very hard work in the field. Cotton pickers wore heavy bags, their daily rate was 150-200 pounds (Bent-Goodley, 2013). Ones, who didn’t fulfill it, were punished. Pregnant women stopped working just a month before delivery. And they started working in the field a month after birth. Rest of the time women spent in housework. Female slaves had not only hard work, but also sexual exploitation. Sexual relations with African women, irrespective of their faith, were a kind of self-affirmation of white men. The superiority of one group over another group of men was shown by the forcible possession of women. In the places where there was a large number slaves, and the percentage of white women was small, liaisons between white men and black women were common. Another problem for female slaves was compulsory reproduction. That was especially practiced since 1807, when the slave trade was brought to an end, but high demand for labor remained. Then reproduction of labor power became a source of wealth of slaveholders. Black women were forced to have children as often as possible. The family was unable to protect young girls from encroachment of white men. In the 19th century, there appeared the American womens movement, represented by white and African-American women in the struggle for the abolition of slavery. In the mid- 60s, in the United States the movement for womens rights was formed, it received the name of feminism. It attracted public attention not only to the issues of gender equality, but also to sexual abuse, which was previously silent. Feminists achieved passing a number of favorable laws for women. By the 90th, popular feminist writers have done much to change the established views of society, but the complete victory was still far. As a result of the Civil War of 1861-1865 in the United Sta tes, slavery was abolished (Bent-Goodley, 2013).Nowadays, rape is one of the most serious forms of sexual harassment. Many researchers and doctors regard rape as a product of socialization process in the structure of the normal society. Modern researchers have proved that American women are raped far more often than residents of other countries. Trying to prove this fact, scientists consider psychosocial and socio-biological factors. In several studies anthropologist Peggy Reeves Sunday showed that rape is largely a cultural phenomenon. She compared the level of rape in 95 societies (Franiuk, 2011). Research have shown that incidence of rape in any society depends on the nature of the relationship between the sexes, womens status and the way of bringing up boys during adolescence. It has been proven that in societies provoking violence aggressiveness of men is a common phenomenon. In those cultures, men have high economic and political status, they don’t commonly take care of child-rearing and housework. In a society that is free from violence, relationship between men and women are different. They share power and authority, as well as contribute equally to the general welfare. In such societies, boys and girls are taught to appreciate care and avoid aggression and violence.In the USA, rate of rape is higher than in any other western country, one of the main causes is associated with stereotypical gender roles. Men are taught that power, aggressiveness and ability to get his own, even with the use of force, are an integral part of the traditional male role. Boys learn almost from childhood that they should strive to have sex and expect to succeed not stopping before unethical means to achieve their goals. American men perceive aggression as quite valid tool for obtaining sexual access to women. â€Å"Sexual assault is a logical continuation of the system, where men are taught to conquer what they want, while women should be passive, compliant and put m ens needs above their own† (Clay-Warner, 2009). Woman of any age can become a victim of a rapist. Recent studies show that more than 50% of American women survivors of rape have been first abused before the age of 18 years, and 22 % of them – before 12 years old. The fact that a woman has experienced rape before the age of 18 years highly increases the likelihood that in the future it would repeat (Wong, 2013). The level of reported rapes has cultural differences. For example, Asians report about rapes much than white American and African American. In the late 20th century, it was shown that women with lower socioeconomic status more often became victims of sexual assault in all ethnic groups. Obtained data can be explained by noting that people living in squalid conditions become victims of various crimes more often. African American women were subjected to forced sterilization in order to prevent the proliferation of people who were considered carriers of defective ge netic traits. African American women were sterilized in many states against their will, sometimes even without their knowledge. In the USA, African American women were subjected to forced sterilization more often, as it was believed that they were unable to control own sexual life. That was performed in order to limit the growth of black families applying for social security benefits. The greatest number of sterilizations took place in California from 1909 to 1964. Sterilization was subjected even to those who were healthy. Forced sterilization existed in the USA until 1974.Professor of sociology in the University of Maryland Bart Landry said that negative image of black women in the United States was formed back in slave times when black families were separated and white slave owners raped black women. Upon completion of slavery, African American women began to be considered as a part of the workforce. Black woman who has achieved success at work, who is a caring mother and wife s uch an important image is represented by Michelle Obama. Today, the USA is a home for about 42 million of African Americans. February 2014 was declared a national Month of Black History.